Page 241 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

u loɡ upʌj bʌɽ ̊ ɑwʌl loɡ ke
u loɡ upʌj bʌɽ ̊ -ɑ -wʌl loɡ ke

3SG PL product increase CAUS -INF people DAT

dekʰʌilʌk
dekʰ - ɑ -il -ʌkʰ
see -CAUS -3SG.PST -3.PST.NH

' they showed the people the products be increased dramatically.' (02.068)
7.2.7 Non-standard valence patterns
a) Dummy-subject or subjectless verbs

There are a few verbs that code states or events, i. e., natural conditions or
weather phenomena. They are intransitive as they have neither object nor other

semantic participants. Such clauses are known as dummy-subject or subjectless clauses.
The verb phrase in this environment in dummy-subject clauses might be either
adjectival or verbal, as shown in (23a-c).

(23) a. आकाश मB मेघ लागल बा ।

ɑkɑs mẽ meɡ ̈ lɑɡʌl bɑ
ɑkɑs mẽ meɡ ̈ lɑɡ-ʌl bɑ

sky LOC cloud fill-INF be.3SG.PRES
'The sky is full of clouds.' (09.092)

b. बड़ी गमi बा ... ... ।
bʌɽi ɡʌrmi bɑ

bʌɽ-i ɡʌrmi bɑ
much-EMPH heat be.3SG.PRES

'It is extremely hot ... ' (09.381)
c. राते मेघ बरसल ... ... ।

rɑte meɡ ̈ bʌrsʌl

rɑt-e meɡ ̈ bʌrʌs-ʌl
night-EMPH rain rain-3SG.PST
'It rained last night only ' (09.458)

Besides natural conditions or weather phenomena, Bhojpuri has some other
dummy-subject or subjectless verbs that code health conditions, as shown in (24).

(24) जिjदए देह खाली होखेवाला बा ।

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