Page 391 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

u loɡ ʌpne-ʌpne ke cun-ʌl-ʌn
3SG.NOM PL self DAT elect -3.PST.H

'They elected themselves.' (13.192)
11.3.2 Reciprocals
"Two (or more) like events, coded by the very same verb, are represented jointly

in a single clause, with the subject of the first being the object of the second, and vice
versa. The two participants are thus reciprocally co-referent and act upon (or relate to)

each other" (Givón, 2001b: 96). "Syntactically, a reciprocal construction represents the
two states/events as a single clause, where the two reciprocal participants are

represented as the conjoined subjects of the clause, and the object is either zero-marked
or replaced by some reciprocal marker or pronoun" (Givon 2011:245-6).

As Chitoniya Tharu (Paudyal 2013:145), Maithili (Chandrana 2017:128),
Hindi (Koul 2008:269) and Nepali (Adhikari 2016:61) display in similar ways, एक-

दोसर /ek-dosʌr/ 'one another', एक-आपस /ek-ɑpʌs/ or अपने-अपने /ʌpne-ʌpne/ 'each

other' are used to denote reciprocals in Bhojpuri, as shown in (26a-d).
(26) a. Semantic Tr, syntactic Tr

cbतम आ सोहराब एक-दोसर के मार देहलन ।

rustʌm ɑ soɦrɑb ek-dosʌr ke mɑr deɦlʌn
rustʌm ɑ soɦrɑb ek-dosʌr ke mɑr de-ʌl-ʌn
Rustam and Sohrab one another ACC kill give-PP-3.PST.MH

'Rustam and Sohrab killed one another.' (13.190)
b. Semantic Intr, syntactic Tr

हमनी एक-दोसरा के जानत रहनी ।
ɦʌmni ek-dosrɑ ke jɑnʌt rʌɦni

ɦʌm-ni ek-dosʌr-ɑ ke jɑn-ʌt rʌɦ-ni
1SG-PL one another-DET DAT know-IMPF live-PST.H

'We had known each other.' (13.191)
c. Semantic (partial) Tr, syntactic Intr

ऊ लोग अपने-अपने के चुनलन ।

u loɡ ʌpne ʌpne ke cunlʌn
u loɡ ʌpne ʌpne ke cun-ʌl-ʌn
3SG.NOM PL self self DAT elect-PP-3.PST.MH

'They elected each other.' (13.192)

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