Page 186 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

But here again one may find gradation, so that some verbs are temporally less
complex, involving only a single feature of change, as in (59a-b):

(59) a. चलv तिनका गिछया म) छहाँ लv ।
cʌlĩ tʌnikɑ ɡʌcʰiɑ mẽ cʰʌɦɑ ̃ lĩ

cʌl-ĩ tʌnikɑ ɡɑcʰi-ɑ mẽ cʰʌɦɑ ̃ lĩ
walk-IMP.H little small tree-SPEC LOC be cool take.IMP.H

'Let's go under the shade of the trees for a while and be cool.' (10.022)
b. िबहने जे पाछे उठी, तीन गो खाई ।

biɦʌne je pɑcʰe uʈʰi tin ɡo

biɦʌne je pɑcʰe uʈʰ-i tin ɡo
tomorrow 3SG.COND.NOM lately wake up-3SG.FUT three CLF
kʰɑi

kʰɑ-i
eat-3SG.FUT

'The one who wakes up later in the morning will eat the three.' (11.011)
Many prototype verbs code actions, i.e., events initiated deliberately by a

human or animate agent capable of volition, as in (60a-b).
(60) a. फे र आज हमनी सङे बितआतानी ।

pʰer ɑj ɦʌmni sʌŋe bʌtiɑtɑni
pʰer ɑj ɦʌm-ni sʌŋ-e bʌtiɑ-ʌt bɑni

again today 1SG.NOM-PL company-EMPH talk-SIM be.PRES.H
'Again we are talking togather today.' (03.407)

b. ऊ दुxमन पर हमला करे जाता ।
u dusmʌn pʌr ɦʌmlɑ kʌre jɑtɑ

u dusmʌn pʌr ɦʌmlɑ kʌr-e jɑ-ʌt bɑ
3SG.NOM enemy LOC attack do-PUR go-IMPF 3SG.PRES

'He is going to attack his enemies.' (13.032)
In example (60a-b), बितआ /bʌtiɑ/ 'talk' in (60a) and हमला कर /ɦʌmlɑ kʌr/

'attack' in (60b) are the event verbs deliberately performed by or animate agent. Verbs

like हट /ɦʌʈ/ or छोड़ /cʰoɽ/ 'leave', चल /cʌl/ 'walk', बखान कर /bʌkʰɑn kʌr/ 'explain'
among others fall under this group.

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