Page 190 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

Stem-final consonant dropping
There are some verb stems in Bhojpuri that drop final consonants if suffixed to

perform the functions of infinitive participles and sequential participials as shown in
Table 6.2.

Table 6.2 Stem-final consonant dropping
Verb Infinitive/perfect participles Sequential participials

कर /kʌr/ 'do' कइल /kʌil/ कके /kʌke/

धर /d ̤ ʌr/ 'hold' धइल /d ̤ ʌil/ धके /d ̤ ʌke/
Change of the whole stem

As in Chitoniya Tharu (Paudyal 2013:195), Maithili (Yadav 1996:158),
Awadhi (Saksena 1937/1971:233), Hindi (Koul 2008:93) and Nepali (Adhikari

2016:173), there are two verbs; one होख /ɦokʰ/ 'be', frequently used as copula or
presenting state of the subject, and the other जा /jɑ/ 'go'; that change into भ /b ̤ ʌ/ and ग

/ɡʌ/ respectively for infinitive/perfective participle, as shown in Table 6.3.

Table 6.3 Change of the whole stem
Base stem Infinitive/perfect participle

होख /ɦokʰ/ 'be' भइल /b ̤ ʌil/

जा /jɑ/ 'go' गइल /ɡʌil/

(ii) Verb stems and transitivity
Bhojpuri has the widespread New Indo-Aryan transitivity series of
derivationaly-related intransitive, transitive, and causative verbs as Das (2006:19) has

presented for Banarasi Bhojpuri.

Transitive verbs in this series are derived by suffixing -आ /-ɑ/ to the shortened
intransitive root and the causative verbs by suffixing -वा /-wɑ/ to the same root.

Besides, there is the second series in which the transitive verbs are the basic
ones to be derived into their intransitive counterparts and the shortened forms into

causative by suffixing -आ /-ɑ/. Moreover, Bhojpuri has another causative derivational

root formed by suffixing -वा /-wɑ/ to the shortened stem.

Sometimes, suffix -आ /-ɑ/ is also added for passivization to a verb that is
inherently passive or at least intransitive in its meaning. Table 6.4 presents them.

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