Page 183 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

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̃
c. आध /ɑd ̤ / or आधा /ɑd ̤ ɑ/ or अिधआ /ʌd ̤ iɑ/ or खाँड़ा /kʰɑɽɑ/ 'half or '
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d. पौन /pɔn/ or पौना /pɔnɑ/ 'three-fourths or '
"
e. सावा /sɑwɑ/ or सवा /sʌwɑ/ or सवाई /sʌwɑi/ or सवइआ /sʌwʌiɑ/ 'one and one-
! !
fourth or 1 or + '
" "
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f. डेढ़ /ɖeɽ ̊ / or डेढ़ा /ɖeɽ ̊ ɑ/ 'one and a half or 1 '
$
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g. आढ़ा /ɑɽ ̊ ɑ/ or अढ़ाई /ʌɽ ̊ ɑi/ or अढ़इआ /ʌɽ ̊ ʌiɑ/ 'two and a half or 2 '
$
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h. साढ़े /sɑɽ ̊ e/ 'and a half or + '
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(iv) Collective numerals
There are some collective numerals in Bhojpuri (Grierson 1884a:13, Tiwari
1954:436-7 and 1960:123, Tripathy 1987:109, Shrivastava 1999:67 and Thakur

2011:74-5), as shown in (55).
(55) a. जोड़ा /joɽɑ/ or जोड़ी /joɽi/ 'a pair/couple'

b. गंडा /ɡʌnɖɑ/ 'a group of four'

c. गाही /ɡɑɦi/ 'a group of five'
̈
d. ढोली /ɖoli/ 'a group of twenty'

e. सैकड़ा /sɛkʌɽɑ/ 'a hundred'
6.1.3 Verbs
Prototypical verbs occupy temporal instability, i.e., they are coherent bundles

of experience of relatively short duration to code rapid changes in either of

states/events, condition/spatial location of some noun-coded entity (Givόn 2001a:52).
The properties of Bhojpuri verbs are discussed as follows:

a) Semantic properties
"Semantically, verbs contrast with nouns and adjectives in that they typically
code changes rather than stasis" (Givόn 2011: 54). Some prototypical verbs in

Bhojpuri are exemplified in (56a-c):

(56) a. कौनो तीर नइखऽ मरले ।
kɔno tir nʌikʰʌ mʌrle

kɔno tir nʌikʰ-ʌ mɑr-le
any arrow be.NEG.PRES-2.MH shoot-SEQ

'You haven't shot an arrow.' (09.456)

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