Page 421 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

nʌikʰ-e
be.NEG.PRES-3SG

'And for nearly ten percent of water ascertained to Nepal, the canal was
dug, land was spoilt, but there is no water.' (02.087)

b. त दोसरा कौनो भाषा म" बोलल रोग जइसन हो गइल रहे, नेपाली के छोड़के ।
tʌ dosrɑ kɔno b ̤ ɑsɑ mẽ bolʌl roɡ

tʌ dosʌr-ɑ kɔno b ̤ ɑsɑ mẽ bol-ʌl roɡ
COND second-SPEC any language LOC speak-INF disease

jʌisʌn ɦo ɡʌil rʌɦe nepɑli ke cʰoɽke
jʌisʌn ɦo jɑ-il rʌɦ-e nepɑli ke cʰoɽ-ke

as such be go-PP live-3.PST Nepali ACC leave-SEQ
'Then, it happened to be like a disease to utter in any language, except

Nepali.' (04.044)
c. मरदु कहल", ‘खीर बनी, बाँ'कर लइकन के सुतला के बाद ।’

mʌrdu kʌɦlẽ kʰir bʌni bɑ ̃ kir
mʌrdu kʌɦ-ʌl-ẽ kʰir bʌn-i bɑ ̃ kir

husband.H say-PP-3.PST.MH rice-pudding make-3.FUT but

lʌikʌn ke sutlɑ ke bɑd
lʌikʌn ke sut-ʌl-ɑ ke bɑd
children GEN sleep-PP-SEQ SEQ later

'The husband said, "The pudding will be cooked, but after the children
sleep."' (08.007)

In examples (8a-c), the full NP in the R-dislocated clauses in italics are
afterthoughts or repair device that speakers used when they assumed that the referent is
highly accessible, thus to be coded as an anaphoric pronoun; but then, after brief

reflection (represented by a pause), decided that maybe the referent was not quite as
accessible, and so was better re-coded as full NP.

(ii) Background construction
As almost all the other languages, Bhojpuri displays a background

construction by insertion of a pronoun to represent the R-dislocated noun, as
presented in (9a-b).

(9) a. ई एगो कcठन मथेला बा, दिहना ठाँवबदली ।
i eɡo kʌʈʰin mʌtʰelɑ bɑ dʌɦinɑ ʈʰɑ ̃ obʌdli

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