Page 116 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

4.2.3 Nasal monophthongs
All oral monophthongs have their nasal counterparts in Bhojpuri: इँ /ĩ/, एँ /ẽ/, ऐँ

̃
̃
̃
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/ɛ/, आँ /ɑ/, अँ /ʌ/, औ ँ /ɔ/, ओँ /õ/, उँ /ũ/. They are contrastive with their oral counterparts
as well as among themselves on the basis of height and front-back positions of
tongue, as presented below:
a) Oral-nasal contrasts in monophthongs
(14) a. इ /i/ vs. इँ /ĩ/

Word-initial Inter-consonantal word-final

इतरा /itʌrɑ/ 'be scented' पीक /pik/ 'spittle' दी /di/ 'will give'
इँतरा /ĩtʌrɑ/ 'be proud' पी ँ क् /pĩk/ 'new shoot' दी ँ /dĩ/ 'give (IMP)'

b. ए /e/ vs. एँ /ẽ/

Word-initial Inter-consonantal word-final

एड़ा /eɽɑ/ 'principal' पेच् /pec/ 'screw' ए /e/ 'O'

एँड़ा /ẽɽɑ/ 'heel' पेँच /pẽc/ 'twist' एँ /ẽ/ 'no'
̃
c. ऐ /ɛ/ vs. ऐँ /ɛ/
Word-initial Inter-consonantal word-final

ऐस /ɛs/ 'luxury' पैFठआ /pɛʈʰiɑ/ 'infiltrator' ऐ /ɛ/ 'vocative'
ऐँस /ɛs/ ' पै ँ Fठआ /pɛʈʰiɑ/ 'market' ऐँ /ɛ/ 'interjection, what!'
̃
̃
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d. आ /ɑ/ and आँ /ɑ/
̃
Word-initial Inter-consonantal word-final
आड़ /ɑɽ/ 'support, bar' पाक /pɑk/ 'pure, sacred' आ /ɑ/ 'come'

आँड़ /ɑɽ/ 'testicle' पाँक /pɑk/ 'mud' आँ /ɑ/ 'weep'
̃
̃
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e. अ /ʌ/ and अँ /ʌ/
Word-initial Inter-consonantal word-final

अटल /ʌʈʌl/ 'unaffected' चप /cʌp/ 'exact' ह /ɦʌ/ 'is'
अँटल /ʌʈʌl/ 'be shared' चँप /cʌp/ 'abundance' हँ /ɦʌ/ 'yea'
̃
̃
̃
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f. औ /ɔ/ and औ ँ /ɔ/
Word-initial Inter-consonantal word-final
औसत /ɔsʌt/ 'average' गौत /ɡɔt/ 'fodder' भौ /b ̤ ɔ/ 'world'

औ ँ सत /ɔsʌt/ 'perishing' गौ ँ त /ɡɔt/ 'urine of animal' भौ ँ /b ̤ ɔ/ 'brow'
̃
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