Page 513 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

lʌiki roʌte cʌl ɑil
lʌiki ro-ʌt-e cʌl ɑ-il

girl weep-SIM-EMPH walk come-3SG.PST
'The girl came weeping.' (13.248)

Normally Bhojpuri verb roots take suffix -अल /-ʌl/ to express infinitive as

well as past participle aspect. But there are some verbs, that further take clitic -ए
/-e/ as emphatic marker, to express simultaneous participial clause. Sometimes

both the suffixes are grammaticalized into -ले /-le/, as shown in (66):

(66) बाबुजी चोर के पकड़ले अइनी ।
bɑbuji cor ke pʌkʌɽle ʌini

bɑbu-ji cor ke pʌkʌɽ-ʌl-e ɑ-ini
father-H thief ACC catch-PP-SEQ come-PST.H

'Father came catching the thief.' (13.249)
Moreover, the simultaneous participial clause gives meaning of the
sequential one making too narrow escape between the converb and the verb of the

matrix predicate, as shown in (67):

(67) लइका खाते सुत गइल ।
lʌikɑ kʰɑte sut ɡʌil

lʌikɑ kʰɑ-ʌt-e sut jɑ-il
boy eat-SIM-EMPH sleep go-3SG.PST

'The boy slept as soon as he ate.' (13.250)
13.4 Relative clauses
As Chitoniya Tharu (Paudyal 2013:379-88), Maithili (Yadav 2014:82-106),

Hindi (Koul 2008:187-98) and Nepali (Adhikari 2016:381-8) exhibit relative clauses
in the similar ways, Bhojpuri also exhibits relative clauses as observed in Tripathy

(1987:267), Shrivastava (1999:114-5), Sharma and Ashk (2007:77), Thakur
(2011:109). This section attempts to discuss the morphosyntax of relativization in

Bhopuri with functional-typological perspective. It follows the three parameters
Payne (1997:326) proposes:

(i) The position of the relative clause vis-à-vis its head;
(ii) The mode of expression of the relativized noun phrase, and;
(iii)The very grammatical relations that can be relativized.

485