Page 445 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

toɦrɑ ʌpno beʈɑ-beʈi pʌr mɑyɑ nɑ
tu-ʌr-ɑ ɑpʌn-o beʈɑ-beʈi pʌr mɑyɑ nɑ

2SG-GEN-SPEC GEN-EMPH son and daughter LOC affection NEG

lɑɡe
lɑɡ-e
feel-3.PRES

'Do you have no affection for even your own sons and daughters?' (09.161)
c. तोहर बल कहाँ गइल ?

toɦʌr bʌl kʌɦɑ ̃ ɡʌil
tu-ʌr bʌl kʌɦɑ ̃ jɑ-il

2SG-GEN strength where go-3SG.PST
'You exhibited no strength. Lit: Where did you lose your strength?' (09.002)

d. बड़कु कहलख, ‘हमरा कहाँ से बेटा होई ? भइल होखी तोरा भउजाई के ।’

bʌɽku kʌɦlʌkʰ ɦʌmʌrɑ kʌɦɑ ̃ se beʈɑ
bʌɽ-ku kʌɦ-ʌl-ʌkʰ ɦʌm-ʌr-ɑ kʌɦɑ ̃ se beʈɑ
elder-DET say-PP-3.PST 1SG-GEN-SPEC where ABL son

ɦoi b ̤ ʌil ɦokʰi torɑ b ̤ ʌujɑi ke

ɦo-i b̤ ʌ-il ɦo-kʰi tu-rɑ b̤ ʌujɑi ke
be-3SG.FUT be-PP be-3SG.FUT 2SG-GEN elder sister-in-law GEN

'The elder said, "How can I give birth to a son? (Lit: Where can I give birth
to a son from?) It will have happened to your elder sister-in-law."' (12.042)

In (31a-d), the focus marker suffix -ओ /-o/ 'even' emphasizes एक /ek/ 'one' in
(31a) as well as आपन /ɑpʌn/ 'your' for negation in (31b). Likewise, the focus marker

interrogative adverb of place कहाँ /kʌɦɑ/ 'where' marks negativity in Bhojpuri in
̃
interrogative syntactic structure and emphasizes negative expression of बल /bʌl/

'strength' in (31c) and 'giving birth to a son' in (31d).
b) Emphatic marker -ए /-e/ and particle ही /ɦi/

The emphatic marker suffix -ए /-e/ 'only' focuses an action as a proposition

that the speaker uses it in contrast of other actions might be possible in listener's
hypothesis. It is exemplified in (32a-e).

(32) a. हमरा ग1ँए चाही ँ ।

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