Page 444 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

swʌtʌntrʌ b ̤ ɑsɑ ke rup mẽ ʌɡɑɽi leɑwe
swʌtʌntrʌ b ̤ ɑsɑ ke rup mẽ ʌɡɑɽi le-ɑ-we

independent language GEN form LOC ahead bring-CAUS-PUR

ke b ̤ i prʌyɑs ɦo rʌɦʌl bɑ
ke b ̤ i prʌyɑs ɦo rʌɦ-ʌl bɑ
pur also effort be live-INF be.3SG.PRES

'Besides that, even efforts are continuing to proceed Bajjika as an
indepenent language in Nepal these days.' (03.136)

c. जेठ के गम~ म" एको पल िबतावल कcठन होला ।
jeʈʰ ke ɡʌrmi mẽ eko pʌl bitɑwʌl

jeʈʰ ke ɡʌrmi mẽ ek-o pʌl bit-ɑ-wʌl
May-June GEN summer LOC one-EMPH moment pass-CAUS-INF

kʌʈʰin ɦolɑ
kʌʈʰin ɦo-lɑ

difficult be-3SG.PRES
'Even a moment is difficult to pass in summer of Jeth (May-June).' (09.001)
In (30a-c), the focus marker particle भी /b ̤ i/ 'also' follows the infinitive कर्

/kʌr/ 'do' in (30a) and ले /le/ 'bring' in (30b), in both the cases actions are incomplete.
Likewise, the focus marker suffix -ओ /-o/ 'even' with एक /ek/ 'one' empasizes on the

infinitive verb िबतावल /bitɑwʌl/ 'to pass' leaving it incomplete in (30c).

The focus marker suffix or particle also appears in categorical propositions,
̃
primarily in the negative and with interrogative or relative adverb कहाँ /kʌɦɑ/ 'where'.
Followings are the examples:

(31) a. आज सड़क पर एकोगो गाड़ी ना देखनी ह ।
ɑj sʌɽʌk pʌr ekoɡo ɡɑɽi nɑ dekʰni

ɑj sʌɽʌk pʌr ek-o-ɡo ɡɑɽi nɑ dekʰ-ni
today road LOC one-EMPH-CLF vehicle NEG see-PST.H

ɦʌ
ɦʌ

be.3SG.PRES
'I have not seen even a single vehicle on the road today.' (09.143)

b. तोहरा अपनो बेटा-बेटी पर माया ना लागे ?

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