Page 552 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

u ɑsɑn ɑdmi nʌikʰe ɡɑ ̃ o ke mukʰiɑ
DIST easy man not to be village GEN chieften

'He is not an easy man, the village-chieften.' (10.096)
c. मरदु कहल1, ‘खीर बनी, बाँ*कर लइकन के सुतला के बाद ।’

mʌrdu kʌɦlẽ kʰir bʌni bɑ ̃ kir
mʌrdu kʌɦ-ʌl-ẽ kʰir bʌn-i bɑ ̃ kir

husband.H say-PP-3.PST.MH rice-pudding make-3SG.FUT but

lʌikʌn ke sutlɑ ke bɑd
lʌik-ʌn ke sut-ʌl-ɑ ke bɑd
child-PL GEN sleep-PP-SEQ GEN later

'The husband said, "The pudding will be cooked, but after the children
sleep."' (08.007)

The R-dislocated DEF-NP in example (19a) is दिहना ठाँवबदली /dʌɦinɑ

̃
ʈʰɑobʌdli/ ‘the right dislocation’, it is encoded by the pronoun ई /i/ 'this' in
subject/agent position whereas the referent is repeated as the full NP employing R-

dislocation strategy in the same proposition. In example (19b), the R-dislocated DEF-
NP is गाँव के मुिखया /ɡɑo ke mukʰiɑ/ ‘the village-chiften’, encoded by the pronoun ऊ
̃
/u/ ‘he’ in the subject/agent position whereas the referent is repeated as the full NP
employing R-dislocation in the same proposition. Besides, in example (19c) the

referentiality is indicated by zero anaphora, however, as an afterthought, the same

referent लइकन के /lʌikʌn ke/ ‘the children-DAT) presented as definite Full-NP.
14.3.7 Y-moved NPs (contrastive topicalization)

Givón (2001b:262) notes that Y-movement is used typically when a referent is
contrasted with another referent of roughly the same emantic class. The first referent

creates certain expectations, which the Y-moved referent then counters. Y-moved NPs
often involve fronting of the contrasted topic. In Bhojpuri there are two ways to mark
contrastive topicalization. The first one is to move the noun phrases functioning as the

the objects to the clause initial positions as in (20).
(20) गाछ पVवाहा पाङेला । (OSV)

ɡɑcʰ pʌŋwɑɦɑ pɑŋelɑ
ɡɑcʰ pʌŋwɑɦɑ pɑŋ-elɑ

tree shortener trim-3SG.PRES

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