Page 551 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

‘Hence, the younger went to plough in the field.’ (10.008)
i. जब पनिपआई के बेरा भइल त सोचली मातारी, मुसमात, ‘लइका के पनिपआई ज]र

िखआवेके के चाह^ ।’

jʌb pʌnpiɑi ke berɑ b ̤ ʌil tʌ socʌli
jʌb pʌnpiɑi ke berɑ b ̤ ʌ-il tʌ soc-ʌl-i

when breakfast GEN time be-3SG.PST COND think-PP-3.PST.F.MH

mɑtɑri musmɑt lʌikɑ ke pʌnpiɑi jʌrur kʰiɑweke
mɑtɑri musmɑt lʌikɑ ke pʌnpiɑi jʌrur kʰiɑ-we-ke
mother widow son GEN breakfast certainly feed-PUR-OBL

cɑɦĩ
cɑɦ-ĩ

want-OPT
‘When the sun rose up, mother thought mother, the widow, 'The son must

get breakfast now.'’ (10.009)
The most topical referent in the discourse in (8a-i) is मुसमात /musmɑt/

‘widow’. In (18c), it enters in on the stage coded as full-NP. After that, other referents

like बेटा /beʈɑ/ ‘son’ enters on the stage in the same clause and पुतोह /putoɦ/
‘daughter-in-law’ in (18d) comes to the stage. Lastly in (18i), the most topical referent

मुसमात /musmɑt/ ‘widow’ is coded as R-dislocated full-NP to avoid the referential

competition among other referents. Thus, the antecedent co-referent of definite full-
NP, as Givón (2001a: 419) asserts, is found far away if compared to zero anaphora or
its antecedent pronoun.

14.3.6 R-dislocated DEF-NPs
As R-dislocation has already examined (in Ch. 12.1.4), Right-dislocated DEF-NP

is used when the speaker believes the referent was not quite as accessible, and is better
recoded as full NP. Examples in (19) illustrate the R-dislocated DEF-NP in Bhojpuri.

(19) a. ई एगो क[ठन मथेला बा, दिहना ठाँवबदली ।
i eɡo kʌʈʰin mʌtʰelɑ bɑ dʌɦinɑ ʈʰɑ ̃ obʌdli

i ek-ɡo kʌʈʰin mʌtʰelɑ bɑ dʌɦinɑ ʈʰɑ ̃ obʌdli
PROX one-CLF difficult topic be.3SG.PRES right dislocation

'This is a difficult topic, the rirht dislocation.' (10.095)

b. ऊ आसान आदमी नइखे, गाँव के मुिखया ।

523