Page 464 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

marking in right-dislocation as observed in left-dislocation. As in many languages
dative shifting is evident in Bhojpuri to make the dative the direct object. Raising may

or may not be found in other languages but Bhojpuri exhibits raising to object and
raising to subject for marked topic constructions.

The inclusive marker suffix -ओ /-o/ and the Hindi borrowing particle भी /b ̤ i/

function for the meaning 'also/too' in Bhojpuri. Besides them, -नू /-nu/ or -ऊ /-u/ or
clitic -ए /-e/ is also used to code a proposition which is contrary to expectation. The

individuative Emphatic marker suffix -ए /-e/ and Hindi borrowed particle ही /ɦi/ 'only'

may also be employed to contrast a particular adverbial from other alternates. Besides
them Bhojpuri uses खाली /kɦɑli/, माQ /mɑtrʌ/, केवल /kewʌl/ and the non-reflexive अपने

/ʌpne/ 'self' to mark individuity. Contrastive strength in Bhojpuri is marked with

contrastive stress devices, Y-movement and restrictive modifiers. Contrastive focus in
Bhojpuri is also marked by reference and topicality, assertion scope in terms of negation
and yes/no-questions and other devices like wh-questions and contrastive questions.

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