Page 174 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

cardinals, ordinals, multiplicatives, collectives, fractionals besides which there are
some others as proportionals, subtractives, distributives probably expressed in various

modes (Tiwari, 1960:117).
Cardinals
Bhojpuri cardinals depict very interesting linguistic expressions in derivation

of higher numerals from the lower ones as the mixtures of the arithmetical bases of
addition and multiplication along with other features. In this subsection, we discuss

how they are organized semantically and integrated morphologically and syntactically
into the grammar of Bhojpuri.

Morphological properties of cardinals
The cardinal numerals in Bhojpuri may be categorized into basic and derived

morphologically. They are as follows:
Basic cardinals
As its close neighbours Sanskrit (Kale, 1961:102), Maithili (Grierson,

1909:70-1), Awadhi (Saksena, 1937:146-7), Hindi (Koul:2008:88) and Nepali
(Turnbull, 1887:11-2), the basic numerals in Bhojpuri include linguistic expression of

numbers from 1 to 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 They do not undergo any
morphological processes, as shown in (40).
(40) a. १ एक /ek/ 'one'

b. २ दू/दुई /du/dui/ 'two'

c. ३ तीन /tin/ 'three'

d. ४ चार /cɑr/ 'four'

e. ५ पाँच /pɑc/ 'five'
̃
f. ६ छौ /cʰɔ/ 'six'

g. ७ सात /sɑt/ 'seven'
h. ८ आठ /ɑʈʰ/ 'eight'

i. ९ नौ /nɔ/ 'nine'

k. १० दस /dʌs/ 'ten'

l. २० बीस /bis/ 'twenty'

m. ३० तीस /tis/ 'thirty'

n. ४० चािलस /cɑlis/ 'forty'

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