Page 71 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

3.4 Domains of language use
Domains of language evaluate the vitality of the language. Bhojpuri is used in

different common domains of language use such as counting, singing, joking,
bargaining/shopping/marketing, story-telling, discussing/debate, praying, quarrelling,
abusing (scolding/using taboo words), telling stories to children, singing at home, family

gatherings and village meetings. Besides, Lohar (2011) mentions that Bhojpuri has
already been included in the Nepalese education system as a subject in primary section of

basic schools as well as an optional subject in secondary education for class 9-10.
3.5 Language vitality, transmission and maintenance

Bhojpuri community in common is seen to have maintained their language
vitality. The rate of shifting toward Nepali is very low. Even small children of the

community speak their mother tongue. Almost all the Bhojpuri native children speak
mother tongue and almost all the parents speak Bhojpuri with their children.
Similarly, all of the young people in the Bhojpuri speech community use their

mother tongue in their day-to-day communication. It shows that language
transmission in Bhojpuri speech community is satisfactory till now.

Bhojpuri native speakers have positive attitudes towards their language. They
are eager to maintain the transmission and vitality of the language. They like their

children learn/study in mother tongue.
3.6 Language attitude

In general, Bhojpuri speakers have very positive attitudes towards their
language. They feel prestigious to speak their mother tongue even before the other
language speakers, But sometimes they face problem of misunderstanding while

speaking Bhojpuri before other dominant language speakers. Besides, they look
confidant for continuity of their language even in the grandchildren's generation.

3.7 Language development
The Bhojpuri speakers are proud of their linguistic identity to have their own
kinds of custom, language, life-style, way of thinking, belief. They are eager to run

mother tongue schools with formations of curriculum, to safeguard their custom and
costumes, they want to write grammar and compile dictionary of Bhojpuri. Furthermore,

they want to implement Bhojpuri as an official language of Nepal and a vernacular of
education in primary schools seeking help on behalf of the state and the community.

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