Page 491 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

participials to express an activity that is simultaneous or temporally overlapping
with another activity expressed by the matrix predicate (Lohar 2012:218).

According to Thompson and Longacre (1985:188-9), the backgrounded event is
usually expressed with a verbal noun. Sometimes Bhojpuri also presents this form
functionally. If the subject in the foregrounded and backgrounded events is the same,

the verbal noun occurs alone as shown in (33a), or with a postposition म2 /mẽ/ 'in', सङे

/sʌŋe/ 'with' or बेरा /berɑ/ 'while' and the simultaneity is expressed by suffix ओ /-o/,

-अत /-ʌt/ or -वत /-wʌt/ with the verbal root as presented in (33b-e).

(33) a. पुMवास आपन बिहन के देहल वचन के स~मान करत िसकंदर के जीवन दान दे देल2 ।
puruwɑs ɑpʌn bʌɦin ke deɦʌl bʌcʌn ke sʌmmɑn

puruwɑs ɑpʌn bʌɦin ke de-ʌl bʌcʌn ke sʌmmɑn
Puruwas GEN sister GEN give-PP pledge GEN honour

kʌrʌt sikʌndʌr ke jiwʌn dɑn de delẽ
kʌr-ʌt sikʌndʌr ke jiwʌn dɑn de de-ʌl-ẽ

do-SIM Alexander GEN life donation give give-PP.3.PST.MH
'Puruwas left Alexander alive abiding by the pledge he had offered to his

sister.' (07.066)
b. हम रेिडयो सुनत िहसाब बनावेनी ।

ɦʌm reɖio sunʌt ɦisɑb bʌnɑweni
ɦʌm reɖio sun-ʌt ɦisɑb bʌnɑ-weni

1SG Radio listen -SIM mathematics make-PRES.H
'I do Mathematics while listening to Radio.' (13.048)

c. अपने डेली िबनाई सङे गीतो गावेनी ।

ʌpne ɖeli binɑi sʌŋe ɡito ɡɑweni
ʌpne ɖeli bin-ɑi sʌŋ-e ɡit-o ɡɑ-weni
2SG.H grass-container knit-NML with-DEF song-EMPH sing-PRES.H

'Even you sing a song while knitting grass-container.' (13.049)
d. होरी खेलत म' झोरी भुला गइल ।

ɦori kʰelʌt mẽ ȷ ̈ ori b ̤ ulɑ ɡʌil
ɦori kʰel-ʌt mẽ ȷ ̈ ori b ̤ ul-ɑ jɑ-il

holi play-SIM LOC purse forget-PASS go-3SG.PST
'My bag was lost while playing Holi, the festival of colour.' (13.050)

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