Page 322 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

c) Word order in the adverbial phrase
As Hindi (Koul 2008:176-9) and Nepali (Adhikari 2016:316-7) exhibit, we

discuss the word order in adverbial phrases in Bhojpuri as follows:
(i) Order of the manner adverb and verb
Dryer (2008: 15) asserts that there is a strong crosslinguistic tendency for manner

adverbs in OV languages to precede the verb. In line with the usual order of manner
adverb preceding the verb, Bhojpuri manner adverbs precede the main verb, as in (43a-b).

(43) a. जqरत अनुसार पानी ध-धके िनमन से सानेके ।

jʌrurʌt ʌnusɑr pɑni d ̤ ʌ d ̤ ʌke [nimʌn se] ADV
jʌrurʌt ʌnusɑr pɑni d ̤ ʌr d ̤ ʌr-ke nimʌn se

need according to water put put-SEQ good SPEC

[sɑneke] VRB
sɑn-e-ke
knead-PUR-SEQ

'To knead it well, adding water as needed.' (13.159)
b. ङौ से आ ।

[ŋɔ se] ADV [ɑ] VRB
secret with come.IMP

'Come secretly.' (09.125)
In example (43a-b), the manner adverb िनमन से /nimʌn se/ 'well' in (43a) and ङौ

से /ŋɔ se/ 'secretly' in (43b) precede the main verbs सान /sɑn/ 'knead' and आ /ɑ/ 'come'

respectively. However, the manner adverb may follow the verb for some pragmatic
effect, as in (44).

(44) भागल लोग लुती लेखा !

[b ̤ ɑɡʌl] VRB loɡ [luti lekʰɑ] ADV
b ̤ ɑɡ-ʌl loɡ luti lekʰɑ
flee-3.PST people spark as

'They fled quickly as sparkling.' (11.028)
In (44), we see that the manner adverb लुती लेखा /luti lekʰɑ/ 'as sparkling' is

post-posed from its usual preverbal position to code the intensity of horror.

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