Page 135 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

d. ज;रत अनुसार पानी ध-धके िनमन से सानेके ।

jʌrurʌt ʌnusɑr pɑni d ̤ ʌ d ̤ ʌke nimʌn se sɑneke
jʌrurʌt ʌnusɑr pɑni d ̤ ʌr d ̤ ʌr-ke nimʌn se sɑn-eke
need according to water put put-SEQ good SPEC knead-PUR

'To knead it well, adding water as needed.' (13.159)
In examples (8a-d) the verb root final -र /-r/ has been deleted from the verb कर

/kʌr/ 'do' and धर /d ̤ ʌr/ 'put' when they are compounded with infinitive or past
participle marker -इल /-il/ in (8a-b) as well as with the sequential participial marker के

/ke/ in (8c-d) respectively.

c) Syllable deletion
Sometimes, the last syllable of the first segment is deleted, as shown in (9).
(9) a. पहर /pʌɦʌr/ ‘quarter of a day or night’ + राती /rɑti/ ‘night’ = पराती /pʌrɑti/

‘a variety of song sung in the last quarter of night’
b. गोबर /ɡobʌr/ 'dung' + धन /d ̤ ʌn/ 'property' = गोधन /ɡod ̤ ʌn/ 'property of cattle'

c. चार /cɑr/ 'four' + गुन /ɡun/ 'frequency' = चउगुन /cʌuɡun/ 'four times faster'
5.2 Raising

A vowel in either of the preceding and succeeding or of both the segments is
raised in Bhojpuri.

5.2.1 Vowel raising in preceding segment
During raising, a vowel is raised in the preceding segment as shown in (10a-c):

(10) a. आठ /ɑʈʰ/ ‘eight’ + जाम /jɑm/ ‘a quarter of day or night’ = अ@जाम /ʌʈʰjɑm/ ‘a

countinuous prayer chanting for twenty-four hours’
b. पात /pɑt/ ‘leaf’ + झर /ȷ ̈ ʌr/ ‘fall’ = पAझर /pʌtȷ ̈ ʌr/ = ‘autumn/fall’

c. बाँट /bɑʈ/ ‘share’ + दार /dɑr/ ‘owner’ = बँ"दार /bʌʈdɑr/ ‘share-holder’
̃
̃
In examples (10a-c), the low back vowel आ /ɑ/ is reaised to its semi-low
counterpart अ /ʌ/ in the preceding segments of all the derivatives. Moreover, अ@जाम

/ʌʈʰjɑm/ is a tadbhava from its Sanskrit tatsama अDयाम /ʌʂʈʌyam/ semantically the
same. During process of tadbhavization, अD /ʌʂʈʌ/ tends to be आठ /ɑʈʰ/ and याम /yɑm/

tends to be जाम /jɑm/, i.e., the affrication of palatal glide य /y/.

5.2.2 Vowel raising in succeeding segment
During raising, a vowel is raised in the succeeding segment during

assimilation, as shown in (11a-c).

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