Page 593 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

Table 15.10 Negative affixes
Languages Affixes Separate probihitives

Prefix Suffix Preceding/Succeeding
Bhojpuri अ /ʌ/, अन /ʌn/ ना /nɑ/, नाहS /nɑɦĩ/, िबना /binɑ/, मत /mʌt/,

िन /ni/, बे /be/ जन /jʌn/, नइखे /nʌikʰe/

Chotoniya ना /nɑ/, िझन /jʰin/, िबना /binɑ/, नाहS /nɑɦĩ/,
Tharu
हइने /ɦʌine/, नइखो /nʌikʰo/
Maithili बे- /be-/ नई /nʌi/, निह /nʌiɦ/

Awadhi अ /ʌ/, अन /ʌn/ नाहS /nɑɦĩ/, िबना /binɑ/, िजन /jiʌn/

िन /ni/, बे /be/
Darai नई /nʌi/, िनज झुन /ȷ ̈ un/

/nijʌ/

Hindi अ /ʌ/, िन /ni/, बे न /nʌ/, ना /nɑ/, नहS /nʌɦĩ/, मत /mʌt/
/be/
Nepali न /nʌ/ न /nʌ/

Rājbanshi िन /ni/, ना /nɑ/

The negative affixes in Bhojpuri and its close IA neighbours shown in Table

15.10 exhibit striking features of similarity and differences. Nasal न /n/ is seen as a
common sound to express negativity. But only Nepali is seen to have negative prefix

whereas Chitoniya Tharu and Rājbanshi do not have negative affixes. Similarly,
Nepali does not exhibit any separate prohibitive. The rest have negative prefixes as
well as separate prohibitive. In terms of negative prefixes Bhojpuri is almost identical

with Awadhi and Hindi. Thus, affixation in Bhojpuri implicates empirically it
maintains the major characteristics of its close neighbours as well as it has acquired

some peculiarities, too.
d) Verb morphology

The ल /l-/ past is the peculiarity of the eastern group with Marathi (Grierson,

1903a:8). Another prominent feature of the eastern languages is ब /b-/ future
(Grierson 1903a:8). Bhojpuri maintains both the features. But it has also adopted म

/m-/ future. As Dhakal (2011:354) and Paudyal (2013:434) compare tense marking
system of some NIA languages, Table 15.11 displays tense marking system of

Bhojpuri in comparison with its close neighbours.

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