Page 435 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

'It struck me that Duryodhan was right.' (12.134)
b. Raised

दुयwधन हमरा सही खटकल ।
duryod ̤ ʌn ɦʌmrɑ sʌɦi kʰʌʈkʌl

duryod ̤ ʌn ɦʌm-ʌr-ɑ sʌɦi kʰʌʈʌk-ʌl
Duryodhan 1SG-GEN-SPEC correct strike-3SG.PST

'Duryodhan struck me as right.' (12.135)
(ii) Pragmatic correlates: Raising and topicality

There are strong reasons for suspecting that raising a referent from a dependent
clause to a grammatical argument role in the main clause has the topicalizing pragmatic

effect noted for other promotion rules – dative shifting and passivization. The general
principles that seem to govern all three constructions seem to be promoted referents as
more topical than their unpromoted counterparts and referents promoted to subject as

more topical than those promoted to object (Givón, 2001b:276).
We will survey the argument in Bhojpuri in order.

Definiteness and referentiality
As similar as Y-movement, L-dislocation and clefting, raising, at least with

some of the verbs, seems to select definite or generic referents but reject REF-
indefinites, as shown in (21-22).

(21) Raising to object
a. Generic

हमनी शहीद पcरवार के सxमान करेनी ।
ɦʌmni sʌɦid pʌriwɑr ke sʌmmɑn kʌreni

ɦʌm-ni sʌɦid pʌriwɑr ke sʌmmɑn kʌr-eni
1SG-PL martyr family DAT honour do-PRES.H
'We respect martyrs' families.' (12.136)

b. Definite

हमनी ए िवधवा पcरवार के सxमान करेनी ।
ɦʌmni e bid ̤ wɑ pʌriwɑr ke sʌmmɑn kʌreni

ɦʌm-ni e bid ̤ wɑ pʌriwɑr ke sʌmmɑn kʌr-eni
1SG-PL PROX widow family DAT honour do-PRES.H

'We respect this widow family.' (12.137)

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