Page 85 - A GRAMMAR OF BHOJPURI _ PhD Dissertation 2020 TU

̈
ढाला /ɖɑlɑ/ 'jute container'
डोल /ɖol/ 'a small bucket for

pulling water from a well'
̈
ढोल /ɖol/ 'drum'
̈
d. Minimal pairs of ठ /ʈʰ/ and ढ /ɖ/

Word-initial Inter-vocalic Word-final
̈
ठाठ /ʈʰɑʈʰ/ 'prosperity' ढठड़ /ɖʌʈʰʌɽ/ 'dry stalks of corn'
̈
̈ ̈
ढाठ /ɖɑʈʰ/ 'a flock' ढढड़ /ɖʌɖʌɽ/ 'thick documents'
ठाठा /ʈʰɑʈʰɑ/ 'joke'
̈
ढाठा /ɖɑʈʰɑ/ 'dry stalks of corn'
ठाड़ /ʈʰɑɽ/ 'standing'

̈
ढाड़ /ɖɑɽ/ 'pour'
d) Velar stops

There are four velar stops in Bhojpuri: क /k/, ख /kʰ/, ग /ɡ/ and घ /ɡ ̈ /. The velar
stops in Bhojpuri are the same as exhibited in Maithili (Yadav 1996:22), Chitoniya

Tharu (Paudyal 2013:61), Awadhi (Saksena 1937/1971:24), Hindi (Koul 2008:16)
and Nepali (Adhikari 2014:10).The phoneme क /k/ is a voiceless velar unaspirated stop

whereas ख /kʰ/ is a voiceless velar aspirated stop. The phoneme ग /ɡ/ is a voiced velar

unaspirated stop whereas घ /ɡ ̈ / is a breathy velar stop. They show phonological contrast

in both in terms of voicing and aspiration in all positions: word-initial, inter-vocalic and
word-final; as shown in (4a-d).

(4) a. Minimal pairs of क /k/ and ख /kʰ/
Word-initial Inter-vocalic Word-final

काल /kɑl/ 'time, death' ओकर /okʌr/ 'his, her, hers' रोक /rok/ 'ban'

खाल /kʰɑl/ 'skin' ओखर /okʰʌr/ 'mortar' रोख /rokʰ/ 'front part of a house'
कोइला /koila/ 'coal' सक$ /sʌki/ 'doubtful' ताक /tɑk/ 'opportunity'

खोइला /kʰoilɑ/ 'stirring' सखी /rekʰi/ 'friend (female)' ताख /tɑkʰ/ 'alcove'

क$रा /kira/ 'insect' भूकल /b ̤ ukʌl/ 'to bark' पाँक /pɑk/ 'mud'
̃
खीरा /kʰirɑ/ 'cucumber' भूखल /b ̤ ukʰʌl/ 'to be hungry' पाँख /pɑkʰ/ 'feather'
̃

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